高压料床挤压对钢渣易磨性改善的应用研究

在分析了大量钢渣原料的化学成分、矿物组成和粉磨邦德功指数基础上，依据辊压机高压料床挤压粉碎原理，本文采用辊压机对钢渣进行预挤压试验，并参照相对易磨性试验方法，对比了挤压前后钢渣粉磨特性的变化，试验结果表明辊压机高压料床的挤压粉碎作用大大改善了钢渣的易磨性，有效的降低了钢渣的粉磨电耗。     

高温固定流化床费托合成技术及其产物加工路线

与采用低温费托合成主产油品技术相比，产品更为多元化和高值化的高温费托合成技术在目前市场环境下显示出非常明显的优势。本文综述了高温费托合成技术的发展历程及其最新进展，重点介绍了高温费托合成过程中的核心问题，主要包括高温费托合成工艺、固定流化床反应器、费托合成催化剂；介绍了高温费托合成产物分布与特性，讨论了高温费托合成产物的加工路线，并对高温费托合成煤间接液化的工业应用前景和产业化方向进行了展望。结果表明：高温费托合成技术具有产物附加值高、兼顾油品和化学品、技术发展成熟等优势，产物中轻组分含量高、碳数分布较窄、高附加值的α-烯烃含量高；精细化、高端化、差异化加工是实现高温费托合成产物高值化利用的关键。     

Effect of phase maldistribution on performance of two-phase catalytic monolith reactor and its comparison with trickle bed reactor

Monolith reactors are widely considered as an alternative to the conventional trickle bed reactor. For the commercial deployment of monolith reactors, comparative performance studies are required. Reliable comparative and performance studies require a detailed understanding of the effect of phase distribution/maldistribution on the performance studies. In this work, performance and comparative studies were carried out in a relatively large column that was 4.8 cm in diameter. Experiments were performed in the same conditions that were used in studies for which phase distribution data were available. Since the properties of the catalyst used were different in both the reactors, the apparent kinetics were studied to facilitate the comparison. The hydrogenation of alpha-methyl styrene (AMS) was used as a test reaction. From the performance studies, it was found that the effect of maldistribution on the performance was stronger than the catalyst availability. From the comparative studies, it was found that the monolith reactor with maldistributed flow conditions provides higher productivity than the trickle bed reactor.     

Decreasing Filter Cake Resistance by Using Packing Structures

Packed beds used in absorption columns are evaluated to determine whether they can also be beneficial for cake‐forming filtrations. To assess this, model systems are characterized and separated by using a dead‐end filter cell. Filtrations are conducted with different packings; the filtrate amount over time and resulting turbidity are evaluated. Packings increase the filter cake resistance and the separation time of the cakes formed with approximately incompressible solids. However, they exhibit a positive effect on the filtration of a more complex, compressible substance; the process is not only accelerated, but also the quality of the obtained filtrate is not compromised. These results demonstrate potential in the use of packed beds for the filtration of complex biogenic suspensions.     

移动床活性焦烟气净化工艺中废活性焦的形成与特征分析

移动床活性焦低温干法烟气多污染物脱除技术在钢铁烧结烟气脱硫脱硝工艺中具有良好的适用性，但烟气净化过程中活性焦的损耗成为制约该技术推广应用的关键因素之一。以宝钢烧结烟气脱硫脱硝工艺中所产生的废活性焦为研究对象，通过考察其比表面积、孔容结构、灰分中重金属及碱金属含量、表面官能团特征及脱硫脱硝性能，探究烟气净化过程中活性焦组成、结构及表面性质的变化。结果表明，与新鲜活性焦相比，废活性焦粒度集中分布在0.2?5 mm，其表面的氮、氧、硫元素及过渡金属氧化物含量显著增加，比表面积由191.0 m2/g增加至499.0 m2/g，使废活性焦颗粒在150℃下脱硝率由20%提升到70%，120℃下穿透硫容由0.27 mg SO2/g提升至11.08 mg SO2/g，显示了良好的再利用潜力。     

铁氧化物在流化床温度和CO气氛下的形态迁移及其对NO催化还原

利用小型固定床实验台实验研究了铁氧化物在典型流化床温度和CO还原性气氛下的形态迁移及其生成物对NO的催化还原作用，采用分级还原结合X射线衍射（XRD）表征分析，确定铁氧化物与CO和NO反应后生成物的价态及各种铁氧化物对NO的还原机制。结果表明，Fe₂O₃在实验条件下可依次被CO还原为Fe₃O₄、FeO和单质铁，反应过程中随着还原度的增加，还原速率逐级下降，从Fe₂O₃还原到Fe₃O₄的速率最高，FeO还原到Fe速率最低，在实验温度范围内，床温升高有利于提高Fe₂O₃到Fe₃O₄的还原速率和还原度。不同形态的铁氧化物对NO的催化还原特性不同，Fe₂O₃及其部分还原后生成的Fe₃O₄都不能直接与NO反应，Fe₂O₃对CO催化还原NO的效果很弱，而Fe₃O₄对CO还原NO的反应却有很强的催化作用，而进一步还原生成FeO与单质铁还可直接与NO反应。     

新型格栅支撑有序堆积床内流动传热数值研究

颗粒堆积床作为反应器和分离器等的重要组成广泛应用于实际化学工业生产中。基于传统的有序堆积结构，提出了一种新型格栅支撑有序堆积结构，通过采用新型格栅支撑结构可以快速构建有序颗粒堆积床，其中包括格栅支撑简单立方、格栅支撑体心立方、格栅支撑疏松面心立方和格栅支撑密实面心立方颗粒堆积结构。对4种颗粒堆积单元通道内的流动换热进行模拟研究后发现，不同堆积形式的格栅支撑颗粒堆积床流动换热性能不同；在相同的面心立方堆积形式下，使用不同的格栅支撑结构，其流动传热也有明显差异；与传统有序堆积结构相比，在换热相差不多的情况下，格栅支撑有序堆积结构的压降减小，所以其综合换热效率有明显提升。     

含铜废水预处理设施脱氮升级改造工程

为了减轻太湖保护区范围内企业处理废水的负担,苏州白荡污水处理厂利用其含铜废水预处理设施的富余处理能力处理某公司产生的含氮废水。针对含氮废水高NO3^--N和低碳氮比等特点,在充分利用原处理设施的基础上,采用"A/O+固定床生物膜工艺+高效脱氮填料+乙酸钠碳源+内回流"组合工艺对含铜废水预处理设施进行脱氮升级改造。改造后实际运行结果表明,设施运行稳定,出水水质达到出水水质达到设计出水要求,TN和NH4^+-N的去除率分别达到85.4%和82.3%,Cu的去除率提高了17.6%。     

Mathematical Modeling of a Simulated Moving‐Bed Adsorption Process: Parex™ Technology as a Case Study

A simplified dynamic mathematical model for a simulated moving‐bed adsorption process is presented. The model is adopted to simulate the separation process of p‐xylene from the other 8‐carbon aromatics by means of the Parex^? technology. Operating conditions and the moving‐bed structure for a commercial plant were used and the performance of the unit was simulated. The model results are in good agreement with the findings of similar existing studies. Comparison of the results of this simplified model with those obtained by other researches indicates a considerable decrease in central processing unit (CPU) time.